1 Samuel 21:11

Authorized King James Version

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And the servants of Achish said unto him, Is not this David the king of the land? did they not sing one to another of him in dances, saying, Saul hath slain his thousands, and David his ten thousands?

Original Language Analysis

לֵאמֹ֔ר said H559
לֵאמֹ֔ר said
Strong's: H559
Word #: 1 of 19
to say (used with great latitude)
עַבְדֵ֤י And the servants H5650
עַבְדֵ֤י And the servants
Strong's: H5650
Word #: 2 of 19
a servant
אָכִישׁ֙ of Achish H397
אָכִישׁ֙ of Achish
Strong's: H397
Word #: 3 of 19
akish, a philistine king
אֵלָ֔יו H413
אֵלָ֔יו
Strong's: H413
Word #: 4 of 19
near, with or among; often in general, to
הֲלוֹא H3808
הֲלוֹא
Strong's: H3808
Word #: 5 of 19
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
לָזֶ֗ה one to another of him H2088
לָזֶ֗ה one to another of him
Strong's: H2088
Word #: 6 of 19
the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this or that
וְדָוִ֖ד and David H1732
וְדָוִ֖ד and David
Strong's: H1732
Word #: 7 of 19
david, the youngest son of jesse
מֶ֣לֶךְ the king H4428
מֶ֣לֶךְ the king
Strong's: H4428
Word #: 8 of 19
a king
הָאָ֑רֶץ of the land H776
הָאָ֑רֶץ of the land
Strong's: H776
Word #: 9 of 19
the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
הֲל֣וֹא H3808
הֲל֣וֹא
Strong's: H3808
Word #: 10 of 19
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
לָזֶ֗ה one to another of him H2088
לָזֶ֗ה one to another of him
Strong's: H2088
Word #: 11 of 19
the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this or that
יַֽעֲנ֤וּ did they not sing H6030
יַֽעֲנ֤וּ did they not sing
Strong's: H6030
Word #: 12 of 19
properly, to eye or (generally) to heed, i.e., pay attention; by implication, to respond; by extension to begin to speak; specifically to sing, shout,
בַמְּחֹלוֹת֙ in dances H4246
בַמְּחֹלוֹת֙ in dances
Strong's: H4246
Word #: 13 of 19
a dance
לֵאמֹ֔ר said H559
לֵאמֹ֔ר said
Strong's: H559
Word #: 14 of 19
to say (used with great latitude)
הִכָּ֤ה hath slain H5221
הִכָּ֤ה hath slain
Strong's: H5221
Word #: 15 of 19
to strike (lightly or severely, literally or figuratively)
שָׁאוּל֙ Saul H7586
שָׁאוּל֙ Saul
Strong's: H7586
Word #: 16 of 19
shaul, the name of an edomite and two israelites
בַּֽאֲלָפָ֔ו his thousands H505
בַּֽאֲלָפָ֔ו his thousands
Strong's: H505
Word #: 17 of 19
hence (the ox's head being the first letter of the alphabet, and this eventually used as a numeral) a thousand
וְדָוִ֖ד and David H1732
וְדָוִ֖ד and David
Strong's: H1732
Word #: 18 of 19
david, the youngest son of jesse
בְּרִבְבֹתָֽו׃ his ten thousands H7233
בְּרִבְבֹתָֽו׃ his ten thousands
Strong's: H7233
Word #: 19 of 19
abundance (in number), i.e., (specifically) a myriad (whether definite or indefinite)

Analysis & Commentary

And the servants of Achish said unto him, Is not this David the king of the land? did they not sing one to another of him in dances, saying, Saul hath slain his thousands, and David his ten thousands?

The Philistine servants' recognition exposes David's perilous position. Their reference to the victory song (first recorded in 18:7) shows how David's fame had spread even to Israel's enemies. The phrase 'king of the land' (Hebrew 'melek ha'aretz') reveals the Philistines perceived David's true significance before Israel formally acknowledged it. Their knowledge of Hebrew songs and dances indicates significant cultural exchange between the peoples despite ongoing warfare. David's reputation, which should have brought honor, now threatened his life—demonstrating how the same qualities that elevate us can also endanger us in hostile contexts.

Historical Context

The Philistines maintained extensive intelligence about Israel's leadership and military heroes. Victory songs celebrating military achievements were common throughout the ancient Near East and would have been known to neighboring peoples through various channels.

Questions for Reflection

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